Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran

Bijan Bina; Farzaneh Mohammadi; Mohammad Mehdi Amin; Hamid Reza Pourzamani; Zeynab Yavari

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2017.04.009

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Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran

Biotechnology and Bioengineering | Updated：2026-01-06

- Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran
- Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran
- 中国化学工程学报（英文版） 2018年26卷第1期页码：183-190
- Affiliations：
  
  2 Student Research Center, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan,Iran
- Author bio：
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1016/j.cjche.2017.04.009
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- Accepted：
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Bijan Bina, Farzaneh Mohammadi, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, 等. Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran[J]. 中国化学工程学报（英文版）, 2018,26(1):183-190.

-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018, 26(1): 183-190.
Bijan Bina, Farzaneh Mohammadi, Mohammad Mehdi Amin, 等. Determination of 4-nonylphenol and 4-tert-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran[J]. 中国化学工程学报（英文版）, 2018,26(1):183-190. DOI： 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.04.009.

-octylphenol compounds in various types of wastewater and their removal rates in different treatment processes in nine wastewater treatment plants of Iran[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018, 26(1): 183-190. DOI： 10.1016/j.cjche.2017.04.009.

摘要

Abstract

Alkylphenols (APs)

considered as xenoestrogenic compounds

mainly exist as 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) and 4-tertoctylphenol (4-t-OP) in environments. The high stability and accumulation of APs in aquatic systems have caused endocrine disruption. In this study we measured APs in the wastewater influent and effluent samples

from the urban

rural

livestock

commercial and hospital wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Iran. Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used for the extraction and determination of 4-NP and 4-t-OP. In these treatment plants

various processes such as activated sludge

aerated lagoon

moving bed biofilm reactor and activated sludge along with wetland were applied. The highest concentration of 4-NP and 4-t-OP was observed in commercial and livestock sewages. The activated sludge along with wetland and then the MBBR process showed the highest removal rates of pollutants. The rates of biodegradability and accumulation in sludge were determined and also the specific adsorption coefficient K

and the or

ganic carbon-water partition coefficient k

of the sludge for APs were calculated.

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