The complicated reaction mechanismand the character of competitive reactions lead to a stringent requirement for the catalyst of C
4
alkylation process. Due to their unique properties
ionic liquids (ILs) are thought to be new potential acid catalysts for C
4
alkylation. An analysis of the regular and modified chloroaluminate ILs
novel Brønsted ILs and composite ILs used in isobutane/butene alkylation shows that the use of either ILs or ILs coupled with mineral acid as homogeneous catalysts can help to greatly adjust the acid strength. Bymodifying the structural parameters of the cations and anions of the ILs
the solubility of the reactants could also be adjusted
which in turn displays a positive effect on improving the activity of ILs. Immobilization of ILs is an effectiveway to modulate the surface adsorption/desorption properties and acid strength distribution of the solid acid catalysts. Such a process has a tremendous potential to reduce the deactivation of catalyst and enhance the activity of the solid acid catalyst. The development of novel acid catalysts for C
4
alkylation is a comprehensive consideration of acid strength and its distribution
interfacial properties and transport characteristics.
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