Ibrahim M. Lokman, Umer Rashid, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. Production of biodiesel from palm fatty acid distillate using sulfonated-glucose solid acid catalyst: Characterization and optimization[J]. 中国化学工程学报(英文版), 2015,23(11):1857-1864.
Ibrahim M. Lokman, Umer Rashid, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. Production of biodiesel from palm fatty acid distillate using sulfonated-glucose solid acid catalyst: Characterization and optimization[J]. Chin.J.Chem.Eng., 2015, 23(11): 1857-1864.
Ibrahim M. Lokman, Umer Rashid, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. Production of biodiesel from palm fatty acid distillate using sulfonated-glucose solid acid catalyst: Characterization and optimization[J]. 中国化学工程学报(英文版), 2015,23(11):1857-1864.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2015.07.028.
Ibrahim M. Lokman, Umer Rashid, Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap. Production of biodiesel from palm fatty acid distillate using sulfonated-glucose solid acid catalyst: Characterization and optimization[J]. Chin.J.Chem.Eng., 2015, 23(11): 1857-1864.DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2015.07.028.
Production of biodiesel from palm fatty acid distillate using sulfonated-glucose solid acid catalyst: Characterization and optimization
摘要
Abstract
A palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) has been used for biodiesel production. An efficient sulfonated-glucose acid catalyst (SGAC) was prepared by sulfonation to catalyze the esterification reaction. The effect of three variables i.e. methanol-to-PFAD molar ratio
catalyst amount and reaction time
on the yield of PFAD esters was studied by the response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum reaction conditions were: 12.2:1 methanol-to-PFAD molar ratio
2.9% catalyst concentration and 134 min of time as predicted by the RSM. The reaction under the optimum conditions resulted in 94.5% of the free fatty acid (FFA) conversion with 92.4% of the FAME yield. The properties of the PFAD esters were determined according to biodiesel standards.
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Keywords
references
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相关作者
Monique Juna L. Leite
Ingrid Ramalho Marques
Mariane Carolina Proner
Pedro H.H. Araújo
Alan Ambrosi
Marco Di Luccio
Han Rui
Guan Qingshan
相关机构
Laboratory of Membrane Processes, LABSEM, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis
Laboratory of Control and Polymerization Processes, LCP, Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis
College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology
Anhui Metaenergy Technologies Co., Ltd
Center of Ionic Liquid and Green Energy, Beijing Key Laboratory of Solid State Battery and Energy Storage Process, State Key Laboratory of Mesoscience and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences