Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate

Chengyang Wu; Siqing Xia; Qiyuan Pang; Suyun Xu; Hongbo Liu

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Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate

Updated：2026-01-06

- Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate
- Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate
- 中国化学工程学报（英文版） 2025年85卷第9期页码：105-113
- Affiliations：
  
  1. School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China,200093
  2. School of Intelligent Emergency Management, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai,China,200093
  3. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University,Shanghai,China,200092
- Author bio：
- Funds：
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2025
- Accepted：
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Chengyang Wu, Siqing Xia, Qiyuan Pang, 等. Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate[J]. 中国化学工程学报（英文版）, 2025,85(9):105-113.

Chengyang Wu, Siqing Xia, Qiyuan Pang, Suyun Xu, Hongbo Liu. Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2025, 85(9): 105-113.
Chengyang Wu, Siqing Xia, Qiyuan Pang, 等. Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate[J]. 中国化学工程学报（英文版）, 2025,85(9):105-113. DOI：

Chengyang Wu, Siqing Xia, Qiyuan Pang, Suyun Xu, Hongbo Liu. Coupling of palladium nanoparticles with biofilm improved co-reduction of chromium(VI) and nitrate[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2025, 85(9): 105-113. DOI：

摘要

Abstract

Chromium (Cr) contamination in water poses significant health risks

yet advanced remediation methods remain limited. Cr(VI) reduction catalyzed by palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on hydrogen-transfer membranes has shown potential but requires further optimization. This study investigated the simultaneous microbial-driven and Pd-catalyzed Cr(VI) reduction

focusing on reduction efficiency and optimal conditions. Two hydrogen-based membrane reactors were compared: a Pd-biofilm reactor incorporating PdNPs associated with a biofilm

and a control biofilm reactor. Continuous experiments demonstrated the superior performance of the Pd-biofilm reactor

achieving immediate Cr(VI) reduction and effluent Cr(III) concentrations below 0.040 mg·L

-1

compared to 0.3 mg·L

-1

in the control biofilm reactor. High-throughput sequencing identified

Dechloromonas

as the dominant microbial species within Pd-biofilm

which plays a critical role in metal ion reduction. The Pd-biofilm reactor maintained high Cr(VI) reduction flux across varying conditions. When the influent Cr(VI) loading reached up to 10 mg·L

-1

where the control biofilm reactor experienced inhibition

the Pd-biofilm reactor achieved a Cr removal of 99%. Increased nitrate loading and hydrogen pressure further enhanced Pd-biofilm reactor performance without compromising Cr(VI) reduction since Cr(VI) is the preferential electron acceptor

whereas the biofilm reactor required hydrogen pressures ≥15 psig (

1 psig = 6.895 kPa) for similar results. The optimal pH range for Cr(VI) reduction was 5.0-8.0 in the Pd-biofilm reactor and 7.0 in the biofilm reactor

with alkaline conditions being more inhibitory than acidic ones in both systems. The Pd-biofilm reactor effectively reduced Cr(VI) concentrations from 1 to 10 mg·L

-1

to below the maximum contaminant level of 0.1 mg·L

-1

thus appearing as an efficient technique to treat Cr-contaminated waters.

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