CO

2

mineralization as a promising CO

2

mitigation strategy can employ industrial alkaline solid wastes to achieve net emission reduction of atmospheric CO

2

. The red mud is a strong alkalinity waste residue produced from the aluminum industry by the Bayer process which has the potential for the industrial CO

2

large scale treatment. However

limited by complex components of red mud and harsh operating conditions

it is challenging to directly mineralize CO

2

using red mud to recover carbon and sodium resources and to produce mineralized products simultaneously with high economic value efficiently. Herein

we propose a novel electrochemical CO

2

mineralization strategy for red mud treatment driven by hydrogen-cycled membrane electrolysis

realizing mineralization of CO

2

efficiently and recovery of carbon and sodium resources with economic value. The system utilizes H

2

as the redox-active proton carrier to drive the cathode and anode to generate OH

-

and H

+

at low voltage

respectively. The H

+

plays as a neutralizer for the alkalinity of red mud and the OH

-

is used to mineralize CO

2

into generate high-purity NaHCO

3

product. We verify that the system can effectively recover carbon and sodium resources in red mud treatment process

which shows that the average electrolysis efficiency is 95.3% with high-purity (99.4%) NaHCO

3

product obtained. The low electrolysis voltage of 0.453 V is achieved at 10 mA·cm

-2

in this system indicates a potential low energy consumption industrial process. Further

we successfully demonstrate that this process has the ability of direct efficient mineralization of flue gas CO

2

(15% volume) without extra capturing

being a novel potential strategy for carbon neutralization.