Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for the treatment of municipal wastewater in developing countries

Sajjad Haydar; Mehwish Anis; Misbah Afaq

doi:10.1016/j.cjche.2020.02.017

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Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for the treatment of municipal wastewater in developing countries

Energy, Resources and Environmental Technology | Updated：2026-01-06

- Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for the treatment of municipal wastewater in developing countries
- Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering Issue 6, Pages: 1717-1724(2020)
- Affiliations：
  
  Institute of Environmental Engineering & Research(IEER), University of Engineering & Technology(UET),Lahore,Pakistan
- Author bio：
- Funds：
- DOI：10.1016/j.cjche.2020.02.017
  CLC：
- Published：2020
- Accepted：
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Sajjad Haydar, Mehwish Anis, Misbah Afaq. Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for the treatment of municipal wastewater in developing countries[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, (6): 1717-1724.
DOI：

Sajjad Haydar, Mehwish Anis, Misbah Afaq. Performance evaluation of hybrid constructed wetlands for the treatment of municipal wastewater in developing countries[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2020, (6): 1717-1724. DOI： 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.02.017.

摘要

Abstract

In developing countries

high cost of conventional wastewater treatment is a major hindrance in its application. Constructed wetlands (CWs) offer low-cost and effective solution to this issue. The current study aimed to evaluate an innovative maneuver of CWs

i.e

. hybrid flow constructed wetlands (HCWs) for municipal wastewater (MWW). The HCWs included two lab scale CWs; one horizontal and one vertical

in series. Local plant species were used. HCWs were operated in both

batch and continuous mode. Batch mode was used to (1) optimize detention time and (2) find pollutants removal efficiency. Continuous operation (at batch optimized retention time) was carried out for the evaluation of mass removal rate

(g·m

-2

·d

-1

)

volumetric rate constant

(per day) and areal rate constant

(m·d

-1

). Among two local plants tested

Pistia stratiotes

gave better removal efficiency than Typha. Optimum detention time in HCWs was found to be 8 days (4 + 4 each). The optimum COD

BOD

TSS

TKN and P removal observed for

Pistia stratiotes

planted HCWs was 80%

84%

71% and 88% respectively. Effluent standards for COD

BOD and TSS were met at optimum conditions. The values of

and

demonstrated that more removal occurred in vertical flow as compared to horizontal flow CW.

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