The concept of “carbon neutrality” poses a huge challenge for chemical engineering and brings great opportunities for boosting the development of novel technologies to realize carbon offsetting and reduce carbon emissions. Developing high-efficient

low-cost

energy-efficient and eco-friendly microfluidic-based microchemical engineering is of great significance. Such kind of “green microfluidics” can reduce carbon emissions from the source of raw materials and facilitate controllable and intensified microchemical engineering processes

which represents the new power for the transformation and upgrading of chemical engineering industry. Here

a brief review of green microfluidics for achieving carbon neutral microchemical engineering is presented

with specific discussions about the characteristics and feasibility of applying green microfluidics in realizing carbon neutrality. Development of green microfluidic systems are categorized and reviewed

including the construction of microfluidic devices by bio-based substrate materials and by low carbon fabrication methods

and the use of more biocompatible and non-destructive fluidic systems such as aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs). Moreover

low carbon applications benefit from green microfluidics are summarized

ranging from separation and purification of biomolecules

high-throughput screening of chemicals and drugs

rapid and cost-effective detections

to synthesis of fine chemicals and novel materials. Finally

challenges and perspectives for further advancing green microfluidics in microchemical engineering for carbon neutrality are proposed and discussed.