A novel process monitoring method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed and applied to detect faults in industrial process. By utilizing the CNN algorithm

cross-correlation and autocorrelation among variables are captured to establish a prediction model for each process variable to approximate the first-principle of physical/chemical relationships among different variables under normal operating conditions. When the process is operated under pre-set operating conditions

prediction residuals can be assumed as noise if a proper model is employed. Once process faults occur

the residuals will increase due to the changes of correlation among variables. A principal component analysis (PCA) model based on the residuals is established to realize process monitoring. By monitoring the changes in main feature of prediction residuals

the faults can be promptly detected. Case studies on a numerical nonlinear example and data from two industrial processes are presented to validate the performance of process monitoring based on CNN.